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INTRODUCTION

The first two articles of this news report mainly deal with the topic of GHG reduction and alternative fuels, while the second and third article provide updates on developments related to maritime security and hybrid threats.
The first article in this report, which falls in the categories of “maritime GHG reduction” and “safety”, relates to recent publications by the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) on its ongoing study
assessing the safety of ammonia as a marine fuel. The article outlines the three recent publications under this study and also points to an ongoing consultation on the study’s recommendations.
The second article is also related to decarbonisation and presents rules recently adopted by the European Commission on the definition of low-carbon hydrogen.
The third article reports about a call for evidence launched by the European Commission which will support the Commission’s legislative proposal to revise the rules governing the European Border and Coast Guard (Frontex). The proposal for a revision is expected in Q3 2026.
The fourth article describes how new offshore infrastructure, in particular wind farms, anticipate and mitigate the risk of hybrid threats. It also provides an update of the investigation into a hybrid attack on cable infrastructure in the Baltic Sea.

[Click the link below to read the article]

• EMSA publishes additional reports on the safety of ammonia
• European Commission adopts criteria defining low-carbon hydrogen
• European Commission takes steps to revise rules governing Frontex
• Offshore infrastructure to help address hybrid threats